新型污水处理系统的构成及应用

介绍了美国REDFOX公司生产的新型污水处理系统的结构和原理，系统很好地解决了野外施工现场生活污水处理过程中存在的问题。     

鱼类实验动物的生物学特性及应用

本文阐述了鱼类实验动物的生物学特性,并综述了其作为实验动物在生物医学研究中的应用现状.     

BIOLOGICAL MONITORING OF BLUEGILL ACTIVITY1

ABSTRACT: Bluegills were exposed for one hour to 0.2 or 2.3 mg/liter water soluble fraction (WSF) of JP-4 in a testing chamber designed to contain individual fish. A strain gage paddle was used to monitor activity. Whole body movement of individual fish did not change appreciably during exposure to either 0.2 or 2.3 mg/liter WSF-JP-4. Strength of pectoral fin movement, accounting for the majority of the fish behavior, increased in six of ten individuals exposed to 2.3 mg/liter WSF-JP-4. Pectoral fanning may be a useful parameter to indirectly assess water quality.     

近50年来江汉湖群水域演化定量研究

根据江汉平原湖区发育背景、资源环境结构和社会经济功能等方面因素,将研究区界定为湖北省境内以江汉平原为依托、海拔50 m等高线以内的所有地区。其范围在东经 111°36′38.76″~116°7′52.14″、北纬29°25′59.25″~31°27′14.45″之间，按自然界线计算面积4.664万km2，按行政区统计面积为6.475万km2。运用RS/GIS技术，分析得知：近50年来，江汉湖群湖泊总数量和总面积均表现出总体下降、中间年份有波动的趋势，20世纪50年代、60年代、70年代、80年代、90年代和21世纪初(2000年)，0.1 km2以上的湖泊总数量分别是1 309、611、612、838、768、771个，0.1 km2以上的湖泊总面积分别是8 503.7、5 462.5、2 933.8、2 977.3、3 451.4、3 188.1 km2。围湖垦殖是近50多年来江汉湖群演化的主要原因和主导因子。     

Phytodiversity of relict steppe enclaves in the Urals: Experience in comparative assessment

Unique mountain-steppe ecosystems in the Southern Urals have retained a high level of species and cenotic diversity, despite fragmentation and isolation. Specific features of these ecosystems are described.     

Microscale Spatial Variation in Forest Litter Phytotoxicity

The spatial variation (within a 100 × 100 m plot) in the pollution of forest litter with heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, and Zn), its acidity, and phytotoxicity (measured by the results of the root test using seedlings from a genetically homogeneous sample of common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale s.l.) have been estimated. Forest litter has been sampled in three zones differing in the toxic impact of long-term polymetal pollution by emissions from a copper-smelting plant emissions in the Middle Urals. The phytotoxicity variation is maximum in a moderately polluted plot, where both very high and very low pollution levels were observed, which determines a substantially nonlinear dose–effect relationship. The litter phytotoxicity is mainly accounted for by exchangeable forms of metals. Biological testing of samples from the most polluted plot has demonstrated marked antagonism between heavy metals and acidity.     

浅析Biostyr工艺

介绍Biostyr(一种新型曝气生物滤池 ) ,着重该工艺的结构、工作原理及工艺特点。     

LCA of local strategies for energy recovery from waste in England, applied to a large municipal flow

An intense waste management (WM) planning activity is currently undergoing in England to build the infrastructure necessary to treat residual wastes, increase recycling levels and the recovery of energy from waste. From the analyses of local WM strategic and planning documents we have identified the emerging of three different energy recovery strategies: established combustion of residual waste; pre-treatment of residual waste and energy recovery from Solid Recovered Fuel in a dedicated plant, usually assumed to be a gasifier; pre-treatment of residual waste and reliance on the market to accept the ‘fuel from waste’ so produced. Each energy recovery strategy will result in a different solution in terms of the technology selected; moreover, on the basis of the favoured solution, the total number, scale and location of thermal treatment plants built in England will dramatically change. To support the evaluation and comparison of these three WM strategy in terms of global environmental impacts, energy recovery possibilities and performance with respect to changing ‘fuel from waste’ market conditions, the LCA comparison of eight alternative WM scenarios for a real case study dealing with a large flow of municipal wastes was performed with the modelling tool WRATE. The large flow of waste modelled allowed to formulate and assess realistic alternative WM scenarios and to design infrastructural systems which are likely to correspond to those submitted for approval to the local authorities. The results show that all alternative scenarios contribute to saving abiotic resources and reducing global warming potential. Particularly relevant to the current English debate, the performance of a scenario was shown to depend not from the thermal treatment technology but from a combination of parameters, among which most relevant are the efficiency of energy recovery processes (both electricity and heat) and the calorific value of residual waste and pre-treated material. The contribution and relative importance of recycling and treatment/recovery processes change with the impact category. The lack of reprocessing plants in the area of the case study has shown the relevance of transport distances for recyclate material in reducing the efficiency of a WM system. Highly relevant to the current English WM infrastructural debate, these results for the first time highlight the risk of a significant reduction in the energy that could be recovered by local WM strategies relying only on the market to dispose of the ‘fuel from waste’ in a non dedicated plant in the case that the SRF had to be sent to landfill for lack of treatment capacity.